The Bernese Mountain Dog, also known as the Berner, is recognized for its gentle temperament and large, heavy build. This extra-large breed stands between 23 to 27.5 inches (58.5 to 70 centimeters) tall and weighs 70 to 115 pounds (31.5 to 52 kilograms). With a life expectancy of 7 to 10 years, they may face certain health conditions.
Known for their gentle and affectionate nature, Berners are excellent with children and other pets. They are calm and intelligent, requiring moderate mental stimulation and energy. These dogs thrive in a family-oriented lifestyle that enjoys outdoor activities, ideally in a spacious yard.
Origin & History
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Originating in Switzerland during the 19th century, the Bernese Mountain Dog has a rich history. The breed’s name reflects its roots in the Swiss canton of Bern. Known for its gentle temperament and tri-colored coat, the Berner is a popular working dog.
The development of the Bernese Mountain Dog involved breeding Roman mastiffs with Swiss mountain dogs. Historically, these dogs were used for draft work, pulling carts, guarding, and farm tasks. Their strength and endurance made them ideal for this labor.
Throughout history, the Bernese Mountain Dog has maintained its popularity because of its versatile abilities. The industrialization period saw a decline in their traditional roles, but their popularity rose as companion animals and therapy dogs.
Today, Berners are valued for companionship, therapy work, and draft tasks. Their gentle temperament makes them excellent family pets, while their intelligence suits various roles. The breed continues to evolve, adapting to modern-day needs.
The Bernese Mountain Dog is recognized by the American Kennel Club (AKC) since 1937, United Kennel Club (UKC) since 1948, and Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) since 1954. These recognitions affirm the breed’s esteemed status.
Appearance & Characteristics
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Bernese Mountain Dogs are extra-large with a heavy build. Males stand 25 to 27.5 inches (63.5 to 70 centimeters) tall, while females range from 23 to 26 inches (58.5 to 66 centimeters). Males weigh between 80 to 115 pounds (36.5 to 52 kilograms), with females at 70 to 95 pounds (31.5 to 43 kilograms).
Their medium-length, dense, wavy coat is distinctively tri-colored, featuring jet black, rich rust, and clear white hues. Markings include rust over the eyes and cheeks, with white on the blaze, muzzle, chest, tail tip, and feet. Berners are not hypoallergenic.
The Bernese Mountain Dog’s face is gentle and expressive, with a broad, slightly rounded head. They have a medium, strong muzzle, and a black nose. Their brown eyes convey warmth, while their medium, floppy ears add to their gentle appearance.
The Berner has a moderate length neck that is strong and muscular, with well laid back shoulders. Their body is broad, sturdy, and muscular, with a deep chest and level back. Their long saber tail complements their impressive physique.
Temperament & Behavior
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The Bernese Mountain Dog is known for its gentle, affectionate, and loyal temperament. They are calm and good-natured, showing high affection and moderate playfulness. Berners are moderately protective and territorial, with a low barking tendency.
These intelligent dogs are eager to please and have high trainability. They are not prone to stubbornness, which makes them obedient and suitable for owners with some experience. However, Berners are not ideal for first-time owners as they require consistent training and handling.
Berners are excellent with children and get along well with other dogs and pets. They have a low prey drive and are friendly with adults and strangers. Their gentle nature makes them a great addition to families of all sizes.
Training & Exercise
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Bernese Mountain Dogs require consistent physical and mental stimulation. Their intelligence and moderate energy levels mean they enjoy activities like hiking, playing, and walking. Boredom can lead to restlessness, so regular engagement is important. Daily exercise for a Berner involves 30 to 60 minutes of moderate intensity activity.
Sample Bernese Mountain Dog daily activity schedule:
- Morning: 20-minute brisk walk
- Afternoon: 20-minute playtime session
- Evening: 15-minute leisurely walk
Bernese Mountain Dog socialization, Bernese Mountain Dog potty training, Bernese Mountain Dog obedience training, and Bernese Mountain Dog behavior training are essential for Bernese Mountain Dogs. Early training sets a foundation for a well-mannered companion, building their confidence and obedience.
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Bernese Mountain Dogs shed heavily, particularly in spring and fall. Their grooming needs are high, requiring regular brushing to manage shedding and maintain coat health. General care for Berners includes brushing, bathing, nail clipping, ear cleaning, teeth cleaning, and mouth wiping.
Typical Bernese Mountain Dog grooming and care schedule:
- Brushing: Every 2 to 3 days with a slicker brush and de-shedding tool
- Bathing: Every 6 to 8 weeks with dog-friendly shampoo
- Nail Clipping: Every 3 to 4 weeks using plier or guillotine-style clippers
- Ear Cleaning: Weekly or twice weekly with cotton balls or gauze and a dog-friendly ear cleaner
- Teeth Cleaning: 3 to 4 times a week with a dog-specific toothbrush
- Mouth Wiping: As needed to manage drooling
Health & Lifespan
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Bernese Mountain Dogs have a life expectancy of 7 to 10 years. They are predisposed to health issues like Hip Dysplasia, Elbow Dysplasia, Canine Obesity, Osteoarthritis, and Hypothyroidism.
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Berners have a large, powerful jaw with good alignment, but may have issues with tartar buildup because of drooling. Floppy ears with good air circulation reduce ear infections. Eye issues like cataracts and PRA also require attention.
Routine veterinary care is important for Bernese Mountain Dogs. Preventive measures and early intervention address health concerns promptly. Tailored care based on their specific needs ensures a healthy, long life.
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Berners suit moderately active, family-oriented lifestyles. Their intelligence and energy levels require mental stimulation and grooming. They thrive in suburban or rural settings where outdoor activities are plentiful.
These dogs are eager to please and highly trainable, making them suitable for owners with some experience. While not ideal for first-time owners, consistent training and patience can yield a well-behaved companion.
Bernese Mountain Dogs are affectionate and playful with family members. Their moderate protectiveness and low territoriality make them excellent with children and pets, enhancing family dynamics.
Because of their extra-large size, Berners need a spacious environment. They are not well-suited for apartment living but thrive in homes with large yards. Their moderate barking and cool climate preference fit suburban or rural areas.
Frequently Asked Questions
Are Bernese Mountain Dogs Good with Children?
Yes, Berners are excellent with children. Their gentle temperament, high affection, and moderate playfulness make them wonderful companions for kids. They are protective yet calm, ensuring a safe environment for family interactions.
Are Bernese Mountain Dogs Good with Other Pets?
Yes, Berners get along well with other pets. Their low territoriality and friendly demeanor enhance Bernese Mountain Dog socialization. Early exposure and consistent training further ensure harmonious relationships with other animals.
Are Bernese Mountain Dogs Good for First-Time Dog Owners?
No, Berners are not ideal for first-time dog owners. Their moderate experience level, trainability, and occasional stubbornness require consistent Bernese Mountain Dog obedience training. Experienced owners are better suited to meet their needs and manage their behavior.
Do Bernese Mountain Dogs Shed a Lot?
Yes, Berners shed heavily, especially during spring and fall. Their grooming needs are high, requiring brushing every 2 to 3 days to manage shedding. Regular grooming helps maintain their coat and reduce loose hair.
Do Bernese Mountain Dogs Bark a Lot?
No, Berners are not prone to excessive barking. Their calm vocal tendencies make them relatively quiet. Consistent Bernese Mountain Dog behavior training ensures they maintain their low barking habit, contributing to a peaceful home environment.
Can Bernese Mountain Dogs Live In an Apartment?
No, Berners are not well-suited for apartment living. Their extra-large size and moderate total daily activity require space to move freely. A house with a spacious yard is the ideal environment for their needs.
Can Bernese Mountain Dogs Be Left Alone for Long Periods?
No, Berners should not be left alone for extended periods. They may develop separation anxiety. Gradual separation, low-key arrivals and departures, and using a dog sitter or daycare can help manage this tendency.
Can Bernese Mountain Dogs Swim?
Yes, Berners can swim, but supervision is essential. Their swimming ability is moderate, and safety should always be prioritized. Never force a Berner into water. Instead, ensure they are comfortable and secure.
