Laryngeal Paralysis in Dogs

Laryngeal paralysis, also known as lar par, occurs when the muscles and nerves controlling a dog’s larynx fail to function properly. This condition leads to difficulty breathing and changes in the dog’s voice. While relatively uncommon, it is more often seen in older, large-breed dogs. The severity of laryngeal paralysis ranges from mild to life-threatening, depending on airway obstruction and respiratory distress.

The primary cause of laryngeal paralysis is idiopathic, meaning the exact cause is unknown. It is generally associated with nerve degeneration affecting the larynx’s muscles and nerves. This degeneration impairs the normal functioning of the voice box.

Secondary causes of laryngeal paralysis can include trauma or tumors that affect the laryngeal nerves. Surgical complications may also lead to nerve damage, resulting in the condition. These causes are less common compared to idiopathic cases.

Other potential causes involve underlying medical conditions. Hypothyroidism or neuromuscular diseases can impair nerve function, leading to laryngeal paralysis. These conditions require proper diagnosis and management to prevent further complications.

• Labrador Retrievers
• Golden Retrievers
• Saint Bernards
• Newfoundlands
• Irish Setters
• Great Danes
• Afghan Hounds
• Bull Terriers
• Bouvier des Flandres
• Leonbergers

Primary symptoms of laryngeal paralysis include a noticeable change in the dog’s bark and noisy breathing. Dogs may show exercise intolerance, tiring quickly during physical activity. These signs are often the first indicators of laryngeal paralysis.

Secondary symptoms can include coughing, gagging, and difficulty swallowing. These symptoms may arise because of partial airway obstruction, causing discomfort and distress in affected dogs.

Other symptoms of laryngeal paralysis involve increased panting, cyanosis, which is a bluish tint to the gums or tongue, and, in severe cases, collapse. These symptoms indicate significant respiratory distress and require immediate veterinary attention to prevent serious complications.

Diagnosing laryngeal paralysis involves a thorough physical examination by a veterinarian. Clinical signs such as changes in breathing and voice are evaluated. A laryngoscopy may be conducted to visualize the larynx and confirm the condition.

Imaging tests or blood tests can rule out other conditions. These diagnostics help differentiate laryngeal paralysis from other potential disorders, ensuring appropriate treatment. Proper diagnosis is important for effective management of the condition.

Laryngeal paralysis should be differentiated from other conditions. Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome, tracheal collapse, and laryngeal tumors have similar symptoms. Identifying laryngeal paralysis accurately is essential for effective treatment and management.

Treatment for laryngeal paralysis often involves surgical intervention. A procedure called a laryngeal tie-back is commonly performed to improve airflow. This surgery helps alleviate breathing difficulties and enhances the quality of life for affected dogs.

Medication and therapy may also be prescribed to manage symptoms. Anti-inflammatory drugs or medications to control secondary conditions like hypothyroidism may be used. Discussing treatment options with a veterinarian is important for optimal care.

Managing laryngeal paralysis requires lifestyle changes. Weight control is important to reduce pressure on the airway. Dogs with laryngeal paralysis should avoid heat and stress, as these can exacerbate symptoms and lead to complications.

Regular check-ups with a veterinarian ensure proper monitoring of the condition. Medication or therapy may be necessary to manage symptoms effectively. Using a harness instead of a collar reduces pressure on the neck, aiding in symptom management.

Prevention of idiopathic laryngeal paralysis is not possible. However, maintaining overall health and monitoring for early signs can help manage the condition. Early detection allows for timely intervention and favorable outcomes.

Diet and lifestyle play a role in preventing secondary causes of laryngeal paralysis. Ensuring a balanced diet and regular exercise supports nerve and muscle health. Regular veterinary check-ups aid in early detection of underlying conditions.