Vestibular Disease in Dogs

Vestibular disease, often called cerebrovascular disease (CVD) or old dog vestibular syndrome, affects a dog’s balance system. It causes symptoms like dizziness, head tilt, and loss of coordination. Although it can occur at any age, it is more common in older dogs. The severity of vestibular disease varies, with some dogs experiencing mild symptoms, while others face more severe balance and coordination issues.

The primary cause of vestibular disease is often idiopathic, meaning the exact cause is unknown. It is believed to be related to age-related changes in a dog’s vestibular system. Secondary causes can include ear infections, which can affect the vestibular system and lead to balance issues.

Trauma or tumors near the vestibular system can also cause vestibular disease. Other potential causes include hypothyroidism, certain medications, and toxic exposure. These factors can disrupt the balance system, leading to symptoms associated with the condition.

• Labrador Retrievers
• Golden Retrievers
• German Shepherds
• Beagles
• Basset Hounds
• Boxers
• Cocker Spaniels
• Doberman Pinschers
• Old English Sheepdogs
• Great Danes

Primary symptoms of vestibular disease include a sudden loss of balance, head tilt, and rapid eye movements known as nystagmus. These symptoms can appear suddenly and be distressing for both the dog and the owner.

Secondary symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, and reluctance to stand or walk. These symptoms often result from the dog’s disorientation and discomfort because of balance issues.

Other symptoms can include circling, falling, and difficulty eating or drinking because of coordination problems. Recognizing these signs early can help ensure timely veterinary care and management.

Diagnosing vestibular disease involves a thorough clinical examination by a veterinarian. They will assess the dog’s medical history and observe clinical signs to rule out other conditions. Tests such as blood work and ear exams are usually performed to identify any underlying issues.

Imaging tests like X-rays or MRIs may rule out more severe conditions, such as brain tumors. These diagnostics help differentiate vestibular disease from other potential conditions affecting the dog’s balance and coordination.

Potential conditions to differentiate vestibular disease from include ear infections, brain tumors, and hypothyroidism. These conditions can present similar symptoms but require different treatment approaches.

Treatment for vestibular disease often involves addressing any identified underlying cause. For example, antibiotics may be prescribed for infections, and supportive care is provided to manage symptoms. Anti-nausea medications and corticosteroids may also reduce inflammation and discomfort.

Supportive care is important in helping the dog cope with the symptoms. Ensuring a safe environment and helping with mobility and feeding can aid in recovery as the condition improves.

Managing vestibular disease focuses on supportive care that ensures the dog’s comfort and safety. Assistance with feeding and mobility may be necessary, especially if the dog struggles with coordination.

Regular veterinary check-ups are essential to monitor the dog’s progress and adjust the care plan. The management approach may vary depending on the severity of the symptoms and the dog’s overall health.

There is no specific prevention for vestibular disease, but maintaining your dog’s overall health can help in early detection and management of underlying conditions. Regular veterinary check-ups are important for identifying potential issues before they develop into severe problems.

A healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular exercise, can contribute to your dog’s overall well-being. While it may not prevent vestibular disease, it supports general health, which can aid in recovery.