The Maltese, also known as the Malti, is famous for its long silky white coat and playful demeanor. This extra small breed, with its petite build, stands between 7.5 to 10 inches (19 to 25.5 centimeters) tall and weighs 4 to 7 pounds (2 to 3 kilograms). With a life expectancy of 12 to 15 years, they may face certain health conditions.
Malteses are affectionate, playful, and excellent with children and other pets. They are lively and sociable, requiring mental stimulation and moderate energy. Ideal for moderately active owners, Maltese thrive in urban settings, particularly in apartments or houses with fenced yards.
Origin & History
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The Maltese breed originated in Malta around the 15th century BC. Known for their elegant appearance and friendly nature, they have been prized throughout history. The name “Maltese” reflects their island origins, offering a nod to their cultural heritage.
The Maltese was developed from ancient Mediterranean dogs, with influences from the Bichon Frise and Poodle. Bred for companionship, they were favorites among aristocrats and royalty, admired for their charm and grace.
Throughout history, the Maltese has maintained its status as a companion dog. Industrialization changed their role slightly, but they remained popular in households. Although their popularity occasionally fluctuated, they have always been popular pets.
Over time, the Maltese has evolved to adapt to modern lifestyles. They serve not only as companions but also excel in shows and therapy work. Their temperament remains affectionate and gentle, embodying their historical purpose.
The Maltese gained American Kennel Club (AKC) recognition in 1888, followed by the United Kennel Club (UKC) in 1948 and the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) in 1955. These recognitions solidified their status as a prized breed worldwide.
Appearance & Characteristics
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Maltese are extra small dogs with a petite build. Males stand 8 to 10 inches (20.5 to 25.5 centimeters) tall, while females range from 7.5 to 9.5 inches (19 to 24 centimeters). Both sexes weigh between 4 to 7 pounds (2 to 3 kilograms).
The Maltese’s long, silky coat is one of its most defining features. Available in pure white, light tan, lemon, ivory, and orange, their single coat lacks an undercoat. They are hypoallergenic, making them suitable for allergy sufferers.
Their face is gentle and soft, with a rounded head and medium, blunt muzzle. Dark brown or black eyes add to their expressive appearance. Floppy, medium-length ears and a black nose complete their charming look, with a scissor jaw for a perfect bite.
The Maltese boasts a moderate-length, slender, arched neck, and clean shoulders with moderate angulation. Their compact body features a level topline, and the medium plumed tail adds a touch of elegance.
Temperament & Behavior
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Malteses are affectionate and playful, showing gentleness towards family members. They are lively and fearless but show low protectiveness and territoriality. Their barking is moderate, making them good companions without excessive noise.
Their intelligence and sensitivity make them relatively easy to train, though they can be somewhat stubborn. With an eagerness to please, they are suitable for first-time owners. Their moderate trainability and obedience make them excellent companions.
Malteses are good with children and enjoy interacting with other pets. Their low prey drive makes them less likely to chase smaller animals. With adults and strangers, their sociable nature shines through, making them friendly and welcoming.
Training & Exercise
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Maltese require both physical and mental stimulation to thrive. Their intelligence and moderate energy levels mean they benefit from engaging activities. Boredom can lead to behavioral issues, so varied exercises are essential. Daily activities for Maltese should include 20 to 30 minutes of low to moderate intensity.
Sample Maltese daily activity schedule:
- Morning: 10-minute leisurely walk
- Afternoon: 5-minute playtime session
- Evening: 10-minute obedience training session
Maltese socialization, Maltese potty training, Maltese obedience training, and Maltese behavior training are important for a well-rounded Maltese. Early exposure to various environments and experiences helps them adapt and behave appropriately in different situations.
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Malteses have a low shedding rate, with minimal seasonal variation. Despite this, they require regular grooming to maintain their luxurious coat. General care Maltis includes brushing, bathing, nail clipping, ear cleaning, and teeth cleaning.
Typical Maltese grooming and care schedule:
- Brushing: Every 2 to 3 days with a slicker brush
- Bathing: Every 4 to 6 weeks with dog-friendly shampoo
- Nail clipping: Every 3 to 4 weeks with plier or guillotine-style clippers
- Ear cleaning: Weekly or twice weekly with cotton balls or gauze and a dog-friendly ear cleaner
- Teeth cleaning: 4 to 5 times a week with a dog-specific toothbrush
Health & Lifespan
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Malteses have a life expectancy of 12 to 15 years. They are predisposed to health issues like Luxating Patella (Patellar Luxation), Reverse Sneezing, Tracheal Collapse, Mitral Valve Disease, and Canine Atopic Dermatitis.
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Dental issues are common because of their small jaw, making overcrowding likely. Regular brushing helps prevent problems. Their floppy ears can trap moisture, leading to ear issues. Eye problems like PRA and cataracts are also concerns.
Routine veterinary care is essential for Malteses. Regular visits allow for preventive measures and early intervention if issues arise. Tailored care ensures they maintain a healthy and happy life.
Breed Suitability
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Malteses suit owners with a moderately active lifestyle who enjoy indoor activities. Their intelligence and moderate energy levels require mental stimulation. Grooming needs are relatively high, so a commitment to regular care is necessary.
Their eagerness to please and trainability make them suitable for first-time owners. Although they can be stubborn, their obedience ensures they are manageable with consistent training efforts.
Malteses are affectionate and playful, making them excellent family pets. Their low territoriality and protectiveness mean they get along well with children and other pets, creating a harmonious household.
Their extra small size and adaptability make Maltese ideal for apartment living. They thrive in moderate climates and require minimal outdoor space, although a fenced yard is beneficial for play. Barking is moderate, so they won’t disturb neighbors excessively.
Frequently Asked Questions
Are Malteses Good with Children?
Yes, Maltis are excellent with children. Their affectionate and playful nature makes them wonderful companions for kids. They enjoy interactive play and are gentle enough to ensure safety and fun.
Are Malteses Good with Other Pets?
Yes, Maltis get along well with other pets. Their low territoriality and friendly disposition make them sociable. Early Maltese socialization helps them adapt to living with other animals harmoniously.
Are Malteses Good for First-Time Dog Owners?
Yes, Maltis are suitable for first-time owners. Their moderate trainability and obedience, combined with manageable stubbornness, make them easy to handle. Consistent Maltese obedience training ensures they thrive in a new home.
Do Malteses Shed a Lot?
Maltis have a low shedding rate, with minimal seasonal variation. Although they shed little, they require regular grooming. Brushing every 2 to 3 days helps maintain their coat’s condition and appearance.
Do Malteses Bark a Lot?
Malteses have moderate barking tendencies. While they may vocalize to alert or express excitement, Maltese behavior training can manage excessive barking. Understanding their triggers helps keep noise levels in check.
Can Malteses Live In an Apartment?
Maltis are well-suited for apartment living. Their ideal environment includes indoor activities and moderate climates. Despite being extra small, they need 20 to 30 minutes of daily activity to stay healthy and happy.
Can Malteses Be Left Alone for Long Periods?
No, Maltis often experience separation anxiety. Gradual separation and low-key arrivals or departures help them adjust. Consider a dog sitter or doggy daycare if you must be away for extended periods.
Can Malteses Swim?
No, Maltis are not natural swimmers. Supervision is important if they are near water. Safety should always be prioritized, and they should never be forced into water activities.
