Intervertebral Disc Disease in Dogs

Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD), also known as a slipped disc or herniated disc, is a condition where the cushioning discs between a dog’s vertebrae bulge or burst. This can lead to pain, nerve damage, or even paralysis. IVDD is common in certain breeds. IVDD is common in dogs with long backs and short legs, such as Dachshunds. Up to 25% of these breeds may experience IVDD. The severity ranges from mild discomfort to severe neurological issues.

The degeneration of intervertebral discs is the primary cause of IVDD. This degeneration may occur because of genetic predisposition, age-related changes, or physical trauma. These factors weaken the discs, making them prone to herniation.

Secondary causes of IVDD include obesity and repetitive high-affect activities. These factors can increase stress on the spine, accelerating disc degeneration. Dogs engaging in such activities are at a higher risk of developing IVDD.

Other contributing factors to IVDD are poor nutrition, lack of exercise, and improper handling. These factors can worsen the condition. Ensuring a balanced diet, regular exercise, and proper handling can help reduce the risk of IVDD.

• Dachshunds
• French Bulldogs
• Beagles
• Corgis
• Shih Tzus
• Pekingeses
• Basset Hounds
• Lhasa Apsos
• Miniature Poodles
• Pugs

Primary symptoms of IVDD include back pain, reluctance to move, and a hunched posture. These symptoms indicate discomfort and should prompt immediate veterinary attention. Early detection can prevent more serious complications.

Secondary symptoms may involve weakness in the limbs and difficulty walking. A dog may also lose coordination. These signs suggest that the condition is progressing and require medical evaluation to confirm IVDD.

Other symptoms can include incontinence, muscle spasms, and vocalization because of pain. These symptoms can significantly affect a dog’s quality of life. Monitoring such signs is important for managing and treating the condition effectively.

Diagnosing IVDD involves a combination of physical and neurological examinations. Veterinarians may assess clinical signs to determine the extent of disc damage. Correct diagnosis is essential for effective treatment planning.

Imaging techniques such as X-rays, MRI, or CT scans are often used in diagnosing IVDD. These tests help visualize the spine and identify any disc herniation. They provide important information for deciding on the best treatment approach.

IVDD should be differentiated from other conditions, like spinal tumors, myelitis, and fibrocartilaginous embolism. Proper diagnosis makes sure the treatment is tailored to the specific condition affecting the dog.

Treatment for IVDD can vary based on the severity of the condition. Conservative management with rest and medications like anti-inflammatories and pain relievers is often effective. These treatments aim to reduce pain and inflammation.

In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to relieve pressure on the spinal cord. Surgery can significantly improve outcomes for dogs with advanced IVDD. Early intervention is important for successful recovery.

Long-term management of IVDD involves weight control and physical therapy. These strategies help prevent further injury to the spine. Regular veterinary check-ups are important to monitor the dog’s condition and adjust management plans as needed.

Lifestyle changes are important for managing IVDD. Avoiding activities that strain the spine, such as jumping from heights, can prevent recurrence. Consistent monitoring helps keep IVDD under control and enhances the dog’s quality of life.

Although genetic predisposition plays a significant role in IVDD, preventive measures are essential. Maintaining a healthy weight and providing regular exercise are key strategies. These steps help strengthen the spine and reduce the risk of disc degeneration.

Early detection through regular veterinary check-ups can also aid in preventing IVDD. Identifying early signs allows for prompt intervention, potentially avoiding severe complications. Testing for hereditary conditions may offer additional insights.